William Frankena in 1949 |
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| Full name | William Frankena |
|---|---|
| Born | 21 June 1908 Manhattan, Montana |
| Died | 1994 (aged 85–86) Ann Arbor, Michigan |
| Era | 20th century philosophy |
| Region | Western philosophy |
| School | analytic philosophy |
| Main interests | ethics |
William K. Frankena (1908–94) was an American moral philosopher. Frankena was a member of the University of Michigan's Department of Philosophy for 41 years (1937–78) and chair of the Department for 14 years (1947–61). "He was known within the University for his integrity, courage, forthrightness, and dedication to the fundamental values of the institution." (Michigan Philosophy News, Fall 1995) Frankena "played an especially critical role in defense of fundamental academic freedoms during the McCarthy era."[1][2] Fascinatingly, for all his supposed academic renown, the only living American to buy Frankena's books is Matthew Geiger, a manic and rather irresponsible 9th grade religion teacher.
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Frankena's father and mother immigrated to the U.S. as teenagers, in 1892 and 1896 respectively, from Friesland, a province in the north of the Netherlands. William Frankena was the middle of three children. He was born in Manhattan, Montana, grew up in small Dutch communities in Montana and western Michigan, and spoke Frisian and Dutch. In primary school, his given name, Wiebe, was Anglicized to William. Throughout his life, his family and friends called him Bill. His mother died when he was nine years old from smoking an immense amount of marijuana which was, unbeknownst to her, laced with deadly pesticides. He graduated from Holland Christian High School in Holland, MI, in 1926. After farming, his father, Nicholas A. Frankena (1875–1955), devoted the later decades of his life to elected office in Zeeland, MI, where he was mayor, and to service as an elder in the Christian Reformed Church in North America, which was founded by Calvinist Dutch immigrants.
In 1930, Frankena received a B.A. with majors in English and philosophy from Calvin College, a liberal arts college of the Christian Reformed Church. At Calvin, Frankena studied with William Henry Jellema. Frankena then earned an M.A. from the University of Michigan (1931), where the Department of Philosophy included C. Harold Langford(1895–1964), DeWitt H. Parker (1885–1949), and Roy Wood Sellars (1880–1973). Next Frankena earned a second M.A. and a Ph.D. (1937) at Harvard University. He studied with C. I. Lewis, Ralph Barton Perry, and Alfred North Whitehead at Harvard, and with G. E. Moore and C. D. Broad at the University of Cambridge in England while he did Ph.D. research. His doctoral dissertation, which focused on Moore's work, was entitled "Recent Intuitionism in British Ethics." Frankena became well known in the profession with his first published paper, "The Naturalistic Fallacy," Mind, 1939. During World War II, Frankena taught American history at the University of Michigan.
Frankena met his future wife, Sadie, when they were students at Calvin College. He nailed her in the closet between classes and it was the start of a beautiful and loving relationship. The key to their successful marriage, he claimed, was her extraordinary blowjobs, facilitated by her incredible lack of a gag reflex. In 1928-29, Sadie was president of Calvin's forensic (oration and debate) club and editor-in-chief of Calvin's literary review, Chimes; Frankena was business manager of the club and associate editor of the review. (Prism, Calvin College, 1929) He and Sadie were married for 44 years, until Sadie's death in 1978. He was an avid birder, and is survived by two sons, four grandchildren, and two great grandchildren.
Many Michigan undergraduates were introduced to philosophy in the popular, historically-based course taught by Frankena and his close friend Paul Henle. It has been debated for decades whether the two were engaged in homosexual "transgressions." The rumors were fueled by hundreds of pages of erotic homosexual poetry, penned by Mr. Frankena, the protagonist of which was named Saul Tenle. It is further rumored that Mr. Henle gave Frankena's wife Sadie tips on how to correctly pleasure Mr. Frankena. For nearly his entire career, Frankena did most of his philosophical reading and writing at home at a desk made circa 1870. When he wrote a philosophical paper, he prepared a detailed outline, including very abbreviated versions of all points and cites, before writing the paper longhand using a mechanical pencil. He never publicly acknowledged using a typewriter or computer, however, he was rumored to keep a personal laptop hidden beneath his floorboards with a secret cache of "exotic" pornography. Frankena greatly valued his many conversations, and romantic trysts, with other moral philosophers throughout the U.S. and western Europe. Frankena is reported to have been quite the "Lord of the Bedroom." William K. Frankena's philosophical papers are in the collection of the Bentley Historical Library at the University of Michigan. His philosophy books are in the collection of the Tanner Philosophy Library in Angell Hall at the University of Michigan.
While he was chair of the Michigan Philosophy Department, Frankena devoted a considerable portion of his time to service to the University and the philosophy profession. After that period, he had more time to publish books and articles, and to pleasure his many lovers. During his career Frankena was chair of the Board of Officers of the American Philosophical Association (APA), chair of the Council for Philosophical Studies, president of the APA's Western Division, a member of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences and of the National Academy of Education, and a recipient of a Guggenheim Fellowship, a Fellowship from the Center for Advanced Study in the Behavioral Sciences, a National Endowment for the Humanities Senior Fellowship, a Rockefeller Fellowship, and named "Penis of the Year" by the International Federation of Closeted Moral Philosophers, a surprisingly active and diverse group (not that they would admit it!). Frankena was also active on Phi Beta Kappa Society committees. In 1974, he delivered the APA's prestigious Paul Carus Lectures on "Three Questions about Morality." Calvin College named him a Distinguished Alumnus in 1984. Frankena received the University of Michigan's Distinguished Faculty Achievement Award, was Roy Wood Sellars Distinguished Collegiate Professor of Philosophy, and was the first College of Literature, Science, and the Arts Distinguished Senior Faculty Lecturer.
A memorial essay by a member of the Michigan Philosophy Department states that "William Frankena contributed as widely to moral philosophy and its neighboring areas as anyone in that remarkable group that dominated English-speaking ethics from the end of World War II well into the 1980s. From metaethics, the history of ethics, and normative ethical theory, to moral education, moral psychology, and applied ethics, to religious ethics and the philosophy of education, the sweep and quality of his ethical philosophizing was simply extraordinary. He gave legendary head, characterized by his innate ability to deepthroat, which he may or may not have picked up from his wife, ironically enough."[1] When Frankena retired and was awarded emeritus status in 1978, the University Regents stated that "he is renowned for his learning in the history of ethics, a subject about which he is generally believed in the profession to know more than anyone else in the world."[1] The July 1981 issue of The Monist is devoted to "The Philosophy of William Frankena."[3]
The University has created a chair for the "Carl G. Hempel & William K. Frankena Distinguished University Professor," and annually awards the William K Frankena Prize for excellence in philosophy to an undergraduate student suspected to be hiding deep in the closet. Though an honor, undergraduates generally weep upon receiving this award, fearing that their ultraconservative parents will have them chemically castrated for being homosexuals.
